N-trityl-imidazoles

ABSTRACT

N-TRITYL-IMIBAZOLES AND SALTS THEREOF OF THE FORMULA:   1-(((X)N-PHENYL-)((X&#39;&#39;)N&#39;&#39;-PHENYL-)((X&#34;)N&#34;-PHENYL-)C-),2-R,   4-R1,5-R2-IMIDAZOLE   WHEREIN R, R1 AND R2 ARE HYDROGEN, LOWER ALKYL OR PHENYL, OR R1 AND R2 TOGETHER FORM AN ANELLATED BENZENE RING, X, X&#39;&#39; AND X&#34; ARE ALKYL OF 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS OR AN ELECTRO-NEGATIVE MOIETY, AND N, N&#39;&#39; AND N&#34; ARE AN INTEGER FROM 0 TO 2, OR PHARMACEUTICALLY ACCEPTABLE ACID SALT THEREOF MAY BE PRODUCED BY REACTING A SILVER SALT OR ALKALI METAL SALT OF AN IMIDAZOLE OF THE FORMULA:   2-R,4-R1,5-R2-IMIDAZOLE   WITH A TRITYL HALIDE OF THE FORMULA:   (((X)N-PHENYL-),((X&#39;&#39;)N-PHENYL-)((X&#34;)N&#34;-PHENYL-)C-HAL   WHEREIN THE SUBSTITUENTS ARE AS ABOVE DEFINED AND HAL IS HALOGEN. THESE COMPOUNDS ARE USEFUL AS ANITMUCOTICS.

United States Patent Int. Cl. c07d 49/36 U.S. Cl. 260309 8 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE N-trityl-imidazoles and salts thereof of the formula:

wherein R, R and R are hydrogen, lower alkyl or phenyl, or R and R together form an anellated benzene ring,

X, X and X" are alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an electro-negative moiety, and

n, n and n" are an integer from 0 to 2,

or nharmaceutically acceptable acid salt thereof may be produced by reacting a silver salt or alkali metal salt of an imidazole of the formula:

N 9-21 R2 H with a trityl halide of the formula:

ice

Hal X I wherein the substituents are as above defined and Hal is halogen. These compounds are useful as antimycotics.

This is a divisional application of Ser. No. 13,797, filed Feb. 24, 1970 which is a divisional of Ser. No. 758,594, filed Sept. 9, 1968, now U.S. Pat. 3,660,577.

The present invention is concerned with N-trityl imidazoles and salts thereof and the production of such compounds. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with N-trityl-imidazoles and salts thereof of the formula:

N R a 3 :2".

wherein R, R and R are hydrogen, lower alkyl or phenyl, or

R and R together (form an anellated benzene ring,

X, X and X" are alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atom or an electro-negative moiety, and

n, n and n" are an integer from 0 to 2,

or pharmaceutically acceptable acid salts thereof. When R, R or R are alkyl moieties, those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred. When X, X or X is an alkyl moiety, it is preferred that such have 1 to 12 carbon atoms and such moieties having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are especially preferred. Electro-negative substituents which are particularly preferred are the halogens, i.e., fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, N0 CF CN, as well as S-lower alkyl and 0- lower alkyl; it is preferred that the alkyl moieties have 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The term alkyl and lower alkyl comprises straight chain as well as branched chain alkyl moieties and also include those containing a double bond.

The salts of the N-trityl-imidazoles (I) are the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acid salts. Examples of suitable acids are the hydrohalic acids (hydrochloric being particularly preferred), phosphoric acid, monoand bifunctional carboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid,

tartaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, sorbic acid, lactic It may further be expedient to'facilitate the eliminaacid and 1,5-naphthalene-disulphonic acid. The hydrotion of water by working in the presence of dehydrating halides, especially the hydrochlorides, lactates and saliagents, such as e.g. alkaline earth metal oxides (MgO, cylates are of particular value. BaO CaO) and of A1 approximately molar amounts In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present 5 being generally used, but possibly also an excess of up invention, the N-trityl-imidazoles ha ve the formula: to about 2-3 moles.

N N (,2 n I X,

The following table gives the constants of some N-tritylwherein X, X and X are alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms imidazoles (I, y y of example:

or electro-uegative substituents an n, n and n" are 1 or 2. With regard to Formula Ila, particularly preferred sub- M P stituent values are those Where X" is fluorine, chlorine, 6 'f bromine, iodine, N0 CF CN, SCH OC-H and n" is 1.

(a) l-(tris hen l-meth l)-imidazole 226-227 The compqunds of Pmsent Invention can be P (b) 1-(trisghengl-methgl)-2 methyllmldazole 221s pared according to techniques per se known, such as by (c) l-(tnsp y y ,di et y da 23 reacting silver salts or alkali metal salts, in particular the 38 potassium salts of imidazoles of the Formula III with $0 i-gi 5 g e y i p y g g hg )ggidaz l ig OY eny 1% y "11111 az trltyl hahdes of the Formula 'IV" (1%) l-(trispheny f-methyl)-benzimidazole 180-181 (1) 1-(o-chl0rophenyl-diphenyl-methy1)dmtdazole.-. 147-149 (j) 1-(m-ch1orophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-lmidazole 114 (k) 1-(p-bromophenyl-diphenyl-methyl) -lmidazole 152 (l) l-(o-fluorophenyl-diphenylmethyl)-i midaz01e (m) 1-(m-fluorophenyl-dlphenyl-methyl)-lmldazo1e (n) 1-(p-nitrophenyl-dlphenyl-methyl)-imidazole. 1 H31 (0) 1-(m-Erifluoromethylpheuyl-dlphenyl-methyl)-imid- 156 820 6. R (p) 1-(p-cyanophenyl-dlphenyl-methyl)-1midazole 164 x X (q)--- 1-(0-methoxyphenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazo1e 130 a (r) 1-(p-methylthiophenyl-diphonyl-methyl)-irnidaz0le 142 (s) 1-(p-fiuorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-2-methyl- 199 C 40 lmidazole.

(t) 1-(p-fluorophenyl-p-chlorophenyl-phenyl-methyl)- 144 2 N R lmldazolo. R E (u) 1-gggglortiphenyl-m-fluorophenyl-phenyl-methyl)- 116 I(1Z0 8' (v) 1-( i-c111oro-m-nltrophenyl dlphenyl-methyl) -imidaz- 150 O 8. (III) (w). 1-(p-bromophenyl-p-chlorophenyl-phenyl-methyl)- 140 imldazole.

(x) 1-(mcyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-lmidazole 119 (17) (y) 1-(o-cyanophenyl-dlphenylmethyl)imidazole 149-151 EXAMPLE OF PREPARATION 1- [p-chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl] -imidazole (e) N wherein I 1 R, R and R X, X and X" and n, n and n" have the N above meanings and (E Hal is chlorine, bromine or iodine, in an inert solvent such as benzene, toluene, hexane, cyclohexene or di- I ethyl ether, at a temperature of from about 20 C. to

about 1 (1960) 0 C [of Chem Ber 92 (1959) 570 1 mole p-chlorophenyl-d1phenyl-methyl-carbinol 1s 0 mixed with about 2 moles imidazole and the mixture is The compounds of the present invention can also be heated, without a solvent, at about 180 C. for 5 hours. Prepared accordlllg techmques P 8e known y t- After cooling, the reaction product is reprecipitated from ing lmidazole derivatives of the Formula III with tritylylene in order to remove the excess imidazole. After carbmols cf. the reaction of the carbinol corresponding another reprecipitation from benzene light petrol, the to the halide I V with secondary ammes). In this. case, pure 1-[p-chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl]-imidazole is obthe imidazole is generally used in an excess of up to r in d.

about If! the process is carried out under pressure, M P C molar amounts may be used. Furthermore, it may be expedient to carry out the elimination of water azeotropi- Yleld 53% of theory cally in the presence of a high boiling inert organic sol- 70 The same compound can also be obtained, when finely vent, such as xylene, chlorobenzeues and the like, at the powdered silver salt of imidazole is suspended with the boiling point of the solvent used. In the absence of solequimolar amount of p-chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl vents, the process is carried out at a temperature range chloride in absolute benzene, the mixture is heated with of from about 140 C. to about 230 C. and preferably stirring and with the exclusion of light at boiling temperfrom about C. to about C. 75 ature for about 3 hours, the precipitated silver chloride is subsequently filtered off and the residue remaining after removal of the solvent is recrystallised from benzene/ light petrol.

By analogous procedure, l-(tris-phenyl-methyl)-imidazole is produced from 1-tris-phenyl-methyl-carbinol and imidazole and 1-(p-tolyl-diphenyl)-imidazole is produced from 1-p-tolyl-diphenyl-methylcarbinol and imidazole.

The other compounds (I, II) can also be obtained according to the above processes. The conversion of the free compounds into the salts is likewise carried out in known manner.

SALTS OF TRITYL-IMIDAZOLES N-triphenyl-methyl-imidazolium lactate 31 g. N-trityl-imidazole are dissolved by heating in acetonitrile and g. (0.11 mole) d,l-lactic acid are subsequently added. The residue remaining after distilling off the solvent is caused to crystallise by covering it with ether, the crystallisation product is Washed with ether and dried.

Yield 40 g. of a colourless crystalline powder of M.P.

N-triphenyl-methyl-imidazolium chloride 31 g. N-trityl-imidazole are dissolved in 400 ml. carbon tetrachloride, and hydrogen chloride is subsequently passed into the solution at room temperature. The hydrochloride is precipitated after some time and filtered off with suction. Colourless crystals of M.P. 155 C. after recrystallisation from acetone/ether 1:1.

Yield 33 g.

The following salts are obtained in an analogous manner:

M.P., C. N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium malcate 106-117 N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium tartrate 175-180 N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium citrate 138-145 N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium acetate 231 N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium salicylate 145-168 N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium sorbate 148-160 N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium succinate 188-189 N-triphenylmethyl-imidazolium fumarate 200-206 1 (p chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-chloride 128-30 1 (p chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-lactate 90 1 (p chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-salicylate (1) 1 (m-chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-chloride 153 1 (o chlorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-chloride 159 l (p fluorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-chloride 1 l0 1 (p fluorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-lactate 95 1 (o fluorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-lactate 110 1 (m-fiuorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazo- Hum-lactate 120 1 (p fluorophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazoliurn-salicylate 80 1 (p cyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-chloride 147 1 (0 cyanophenyl-cliphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-chloride 13 1 1 (p cyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium-lactate 90 1 Oil.

The previously known antimicotics are effective either only against yeasts, such as e.g. Amphotericin B, or only against hyphomycetes, such as e.g. Griseofulvin.

THERAPEUTIC EFFECT (1) in vitroeffect against human-pathogenic fungi (a) Candida albicans (fungistatic):

compound (a) 40 'y/ml.

compound (e) 4 'y/ml.

compound (f) 4 'y/ml.

compound (g) 4 'y/ml.

compound (i) 4 'y/ml.

compound (p) 4 'y/ml.

T richophyton mentagrophytes: 4l0'y fungistatic microsp. fel. 4

The test medium was Milieu dpreuve according to Sabouraud.

The spectrum of activity and the intensity of activity (compound i) (in vitro) can be seen from the following table:

MINIMUM INHIBIIING CONCENTRATION AS S/ML.

Without With serum serum (1) Trich. asteroides 1 (2) Trish. crateriforme 1 (3) Trich. equinum (NL) 1 (4) Trich. equinum, wooly (Hoechst 1 (5) Trich. equirzum, gran. (Hoechst) 1 (6) Trish. tori-swans 1 7) Trich. verrucosum 1 (8) Trich. granulosttmn 1 Trr'ch. interdigitale 1 (l0) Trich.rnegninii 0.1 (11) Trick. mentagr0phytes 01 (12) Trz'ch. rubrum i 1 (13) Mt'crosp. audouinii 1 (14) Microsp. cam's (NL) 0. 1 (15) MiCTOSp.ca7LiS (our lsolat 1 (16). Mi'crosp. duboisii 1 (17)..." Microspjulvum 1 (18) Microsp. gaZlinae 1 (l9) Microsp. felirzeum 1 (20) Asperigz'llus mger 1 4 (21) Pen. comma.-- 1 (22)..- Mucor mucedo 4 10 (23) Blakesleatrz'spora 10 10 (24)..." C'and. albiclms 40-1 40-1 1 Fungistase.

(2) Effect in vivo (21) Experimental candidosis in white mice: In the case of oral administration, curvative effects can be achieved with daily doses of 2-3 times 0.5-1 mg./mouse/day.

(b) Experimental trychophytia in mice caused by Trich. quinckeanum: Development of the infection is prevented by daily doses of 1-2 times 1-2 mg./mouse orally.

(c) Experimental trichophytia in guinea pigs caused by Tich. ment: When 15-30 mg. are administered twice per as to guinea pigs weighing 400 grams, a reproducible effect on the course of the infection and rapid healing of the mycotic lesions is found.

Equally effective results are produced when other compounds within the scope of (I) or salts of compounds within the scope of (I) and specifically salts of compounds (a), (e), (f), (g), (i) and (P) are used. Compounds which are unsubstituted in the imidazole ring may be substituted in one phenyl group by a halogen atom, preferably chlorine or fluorine in the o-,mor p-position; such compounds and their salts with hydrochloric acid, lactic acid or salicyclic acid are particularly useful. The following usages and dosage ranges are used for the compounds of the present invention:

(a) for use with humans:

(1) dermatomycoses, caused by fungi of the species Trychophytes, Microsporium, Epidermophytes, Aspergillus, Candida albicans and other yeasts;

(2) organomycoses caused by yeasts, mould fungi and dermatophytes;

(b) for veterinary use:

Dermatomycoses and organomycoses caused by yeasts,

mould fungi and dermatophytes.

The compounds .of the present invention are administered orally or parenterally as well as locally in the form of solutions, e.g., dimethyl sulphoxide/glycerol/water 222:6, alcohol, preferably ethanol and isopropanol, buffer solutions, powders, tablets.

The dosage range from humans is in the range of from about 20 to about 100 mg./ kg. and preferably from about 40 to about 60 mg./ kg. Administration is generally recommended at intervals or about 12 hours and such administration should be continued for from about 10 to about 60 days.

Nevertheless it may sometimes be necessary to digress from the aforesaid amounts, dependent on the method of administration or also on account of individual reactions to the medicine or on the type of its formulation and the moment in time or the intervals at which it is administered. In some cases, it may be sufiicient to use less than the minimum amount stated above, whereas in other cases it may be necessary to go beyond the stated upper limit. If larger amounts are applied, it may be advisable to distribute these over a day in several individual doses.

The compounds of the present invention can be used either as such or in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Suitable forms for administration in combination with various inert carriers are tablets, capsules, powders, sprays, aqueous suspensions, injectable solutions, elixirs, syrups and the like. Carriers of this type comprise solid extenders or fillers, a sterile aqueous medium as well as various non-toxic organic solvents and the like. Obviously, the tablets and the like suitable for oral administration can be provided with an addition of saccharin or a similar additive. In the aforesaid case, the therapeutically active compound should be present in the total mixture at a concentration of about 0.5 to 90 percent by weight, i.e., in quantities which sufiice to attain the range of dosage mentioned above.

In the case of oral administration, obviously, tablets may also contain additives such as sodium citrate, calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate together with various additives such as starch, preferably potato starch and the like, and binders such as polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, gelatin and the like. It is further possible to add lubricants such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl-sulphate and tale for producing tablets. In the case of aqueous suspensions and/ or elixirs which are intended for oral administration, the active ingredient may be used together with various agents for improving the flavor, dyestuifs, emulsifiers and/or diluents, such as water, ethanol, propylene-glycol and other compounds or combinations of this type.

In the case of parenteral administration, there may be used solutions of the active ingredients in sesame or peanut oil or in aqueous propylene-glycol of N,N-dimethyl formamide, as well as sterile aqueous solutions if the compounds are water-soluble. Such aqueous solution should be buttered in the usual manner, if required, and the liquid diluent should previously be rendered isotonic by the addition of the necessary amount of salt or glucose. These aqueous solutions are particularly suitable for intravenous, intramuscular and intraperitoneal injections.

In humans, a dosage of 40 mg./ kg. administered at intervals of 12 hours result in a blood level of between amounts to 6 hours on the average. Up to 30 to 40% of the administered amount of the substance are excreted with the urine in active form. The resorption quota and 11 'y/ml. The half-life period in human serum in vivo amounts to more than-70% in the case of oral administration.

The LD for mice, rats, rabbits, dogs and cats lies between about 600 and 2200 mg. of the stated compounds/ kg. body weight in the case or oral administration.

The present invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one of the N-trityl-imidazoles or salts thereof in admixture with a solid or liquid diluent or carrier which may be any of the conventional diluents or carriers used in pharmaceutical compositions.

The present invention also includes unit dosage forms of medication which comprise at least one of the compounds of the present invention either alone or in admixture with a solid or liquid diluent or carrier. The compounds of the present application may include a protective envelope or cover containing the active compound within. Unit dosage form means that the composition is in the form of discrete portions, each containing a unit dose or a multiple or sub-multiple of the unit dose of the active ingredient which is the compound of the present invention. Such portions may, for example, be in monolithic coherent form, such as tablets, suppositories, pills or dragees; in Wrapped or concealed form, such as wrapped powders, cachets, sachets or capsules, in ampules such as in sterile solution; or in other forms known to the art.

What is claimed is:

1. A compound of the formula:

wherein X" is (IN, or a pharmaceutically acceptable nontoxic salt thereof.

2. A salt according to claim 1 selected from the group consisting of hydrochloride, phosphate, acetate, propionate, maleate succinate, fumarate, tartrate, citrate, salicylate, sorbate, lactate or 1,S-naphthalene-disulphonate.

3. The compound according to claim 1 which is l-(pcyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazole.

4. The compound according to claim 1 which is l-(mcyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl -imidazole.

5. The compound according to claim 1 which is l-(ocyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl -imidazole.

6. The compound according to claim 1 which is l-(ocyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)imidazolium chloride.

7. The compound according to claim 1 which is 'l-(pcyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium lactate.

8. The compound according to claim 1 which is l-(pcyanophenyl-diphenyl-methyl)-imidazolium chloride.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,321,366 5/1967 Mussell et a1. 260-309 NATALIE TROUSOF, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 

